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The Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation
List of Existing Food Additives
Last updateF2007/10/15

List of Existing Food Additives

This list of food additives from natural origin is complied and published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare on April 16, 1996.

These additives are listed here in alphabetic order. The number preceding the name of each additive is the sequence number given to the corresponding additive in the original Japanese list.
Effective from September 11, 2007
No.
Name
Note
270
Absinth extractA substance composed mainly of sesquiterpenes obtained from the whole absinth grass.
12
a-Acetolactate decarboxylase-
11
N-Acetylglucosamine-
168
Acid clay-
169
Acid phosphatase-
4
Actinidine-
68
Activated acid clay-
67
Active carbonA substance obtained by carbonizing and activating carbon-containing substances.
6
Acylase-
13
5'-Adenylic acid-
3
Agarase-
5
Agrobacterium succinoglycanA substance composed mainly of succinoglycan obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Agrobacteriurn.
19
L-Alanine-
26
Alginate lyase-
25
Alginic acid-
23
Alkanet colourA substance composed mainly of alkanin obtained from alkanet roots.
94
Aloe extractA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the leaves of KIDACHI-AROE (Aloe arborescens MILL.).
28
Aloe vera extractA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from aloe leaves.
27
Aluminium-
224
Amino acid-sugar reaction productA substance obtained by heating the mixture of amino acids and monosaccharides.
16
Aminopeptidase-
17
alpha-Amylase-
18
beta-Amylase-
14
Annatto extractA substance composed mainly of norbixin and bixin obtained from the seed coats of annatto.
29
Anthocyanase-
21
Arabino galactan-
22
L-Arabinose-
24
L-Arginine-
167
Artemisia sphaerocephala seed gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the seed coats of SABAKU-YOMOGI (Artemisia sphaerocephala KRASCH).
7
Ascorbate oxidase-
8
L-Asparagine-
9
L-Aspartic acid-
10
Aspergillus terreus glycoproteinA substance composed mainly of glycoprotein obtained from the cultured solution of mould belonging to Aspergillus terreus.
1
Aureobasidium cultured solutionA substance composed mainly of beta-1, 3-1, 6-glucan obtained from the cultured solution of yeast belonging to Aureobasidium.
263
Bacillus natto gumA substance composed mainly of polyglutamic acid obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Bacillus natto.
165
Bamboo grass colourA substance composed mainly of chlorophyll obtained from the leaves of bamboo grass.
366
Bees waxA substance composed mainly of myricyl palmitate obtained from honeycomb.
292
Beet redA substance composed mainly of betanin and isobetanin obtained from beet roots.
347
Bentonite-
332
Betaine-
154
Bone carbon blackA substance composed mainly of carbon obtained by carbonizing bones.
153
Bone charcoalA substance composed mainly of carbon powder and calcium phosphate obtained from bovine bones.
311
Brazilian licorice extractA substance composed mainly of peliandorin obtained from Brazilian licorice roots.
318
Bromelain-
211
Buckwheat ash extractA substance obtained by extraction from the ashes of buckwheat stems or leaves.
307
Butane-
61
Cacao carbon blackA substance composed mainly of carbon obtained from the seed coats of cacao beans.
60
Cacao colourA substance composed mainly of polymers of anthocyanins obtained from cacao beans.
73
Caffeine (extract)A substance composed mainly of caffeine obtained from coffee beans or tea leaves.
187
Calcinated calciumA substance composed mainly of calcium compounds obtained by calcinating sea urchinshells, shells, coral, whey, bones or eggshells.
90
Candelilla waxA substance composed mainly of hentriacontane obtained from candelilla stems.
166
Cane waxA substance composed mainly of myricyl palmitate obtained from cane stems.
247
Capsicum water-soluble extractA substance composed mainly of water-soluble substances obtained by extraction from capsicum fruits.
78
Caramel I (plain)A substance obtained by heat-treating food-grade carbohydrates including starch hydrolysates, molasses or saccharides, excluding "Caramel II", "Caramel III" and "Caramel IV".
79
Caramel II (caustic sulfite process)A substance obtained by adding sulfite compounds to, and heat-treating, food-grade carbohydrates including starch-hydrolysates, molasses or saccharides, excluding "Caramel IV".
80
Caramel III (ammonia process)A substance obtained by adding ammonium compounds to, and heat-treating, food-grade carbohydrates including starch-hydrolysates, molasses or saccharides, excluding "Caramel IV".
81
Caramel IV (sulfite ammonia process)A substance obtained by adding sulfite compounds and ammonium compounds to, and heat-treating, food-grade carbohydrates including starch-hydrolysates, molasses or saccharides.
84
Carboxypeptidase-
83
Carnauba waxA substance composed mainly of ceryl hydroxycerotate obtained from the leaves of carnauba trees.
86
Carob bean gumA substance obtained by grinding, or dissolving and precipitating the seed albumens of locust beans.
85
Carob germ colourA substance obtained by grinding the seed germs of locust beans.
74
CarrageenanA substance composed mainly of i-carrageenan, k-carrageenan and l-carrageenan obtained from the whole algae of IBARA-NORI (Hypneaceae hypnea), KIRINSAI (Solieriacea eucheuma), GINNAN-SOU (Gingartinaceae iridaea), SUGI-NORI (Gingartinaceae gigartina), or TSUNOMATA (Gingartinaceae chondrus).
274
Carrot caroteneA substance composed mainly of carotene obtained from carrot roots.
336
Carthamus redA substance composed mainly of carthamin obtained from safflower flowers.
337
Carthamus yellowA substance composed mainly of safflor yellow obtained from safflower flowers.
64
Cassia gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained by grinding the seeds of EBISU-GUSA-MODOKI (Cassia tora LINN.).
66
Catalase-
70
Catechin-
208
Cellulase-
380
CharcoalA substance obtained by carbonizing bamboo or wood.
228
ChicleA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of sapodilla trees.
233
ChilteA substance composed mainly of amyrine acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of chilte trees (Chidoscolus elasticus LUNDELL).
387
Chinese bayberry extractA substance obtained by extraction from the fruits, bark, or leaves of Chinese bayberry.
96
Chitin-
95
Chitinase-
98
Chitosan-
97
Chitosanase-
132
Chlorophyll-
131
Chlorophylline -
248
CholesterolA substance composed mainly of cholesterol obtained from fish oil or "lanolin".
130
Clove extractA substance composed mainly of eugenol obtained from the buds, leaves or flowers of clove.
156
Cobalt-
152
Cochineal extractA substance composed mainly of carminic acid obtained from cochineal insects.
265
Coffee bean extractA substance composed mainly of chlorogenic acid and polyphenols obtained from coffee beans.
155
Copal resinA substance composed mainly of agathenedicarboxylic acid obtained from the secretion of copal trees.
245
Copper-
72
Crayfish colourA substance composed mainly of astaxanthin obtained from crayfish shells or eyes.
115
Cristobalite-
210
Crude magnesium chloride (sea water)A substance composed mainly of magnesium chloride obtained by separating potassium chloride and sodium chloride from sea water.
209
Crude potassium chloride (sea water)A substance composed mainly of potassium chloride obtained by separating sodium chloride from sea water.
71
CurdlanA substance composed mainly of b-1,3-glucans obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Agrobacterium or Alcaligenes.
173
Cyanocobalamin-
178
Cyclodextrin-
179
Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase-
181
L-Cystine-
184
5'-Cytidylic acid-
227
Dammar resinA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of dammar trees.
237
5'-Deaminase-
238
Depolymerized natural rubberA substance composed mainly of polyisoprenes obtained by decomposing the secretion of para rubber trees.
241
Dextran-
240
Dextranase-
135
Diatomaceous earth-
249
Dokudami extractA substance composed mainly of isoquercitrin obtained from the leaves of DOKUDAMI (Hauttuynia cordata THUNB.).
243
Dunaliella caroteneA substance composed mainly of b-carotene obtained from the whole alga of dunaliella.
47
Elemi resinA substance composed mainly of b-amyrin obtained from the secretion of elemi trees.
46
Ellagic acid-
148
Enzymatically decomposed apple extractA substance composed mainly of catechins and chlorogenic acid obtained by enzymatically decomposing apple fruits
149
Enzymatically decomposed lecithinA substance composed mainly of phosphatidic acid and lysolecithin obtained from vegetable "lecithin" or "yolk lecithin".
162
Enzymatically decomposed rice branA substance composed mainly of phytic acid and peptides obtained from dewaxed rice bran.
406
Enzymatically decomposed rutinA substance composed mainly of isoquercitrin obtained from "rutin (extract)".
147
Enzymatically hydrolyzed coix extractA substance obtained by enzymatically hydrolyzing the seeds of Job's tears (Coix lachryma-jobi var. ma-yuen STARF).
106
Enzymatically hydrolyzed guar gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained by grinding and hydrolyzing guar seeds.
146
Enzymatically hydrolyzed licorice extractA substacne composed mainly of glycyrrhetinic acid-3-glucuronide obtained by enzymatically hydrolyzing a "licorice extract".
143
Enzymatically modified hesperidinA substance obtained by adding glucose to "hesperidin" using cyclodextrin glucosyl transferase.
139
Enzymatically modified isoquercitrinA substance composed mainly of alpha-glucosylquercetin obtained from "enzymatically decomposed rutin".
145
Enzymatically modified lecithinA substance composed mainly of phosphatidylglycerol obtained from "vegetable lecithin" or "yolk lecithin".
140
Enzymatically modified licorice extractA substance composed mainly of a-glucosylglycyrrhizic acids obtained by adding glucose to a "licorice extract" using cyclodextrin glucosyl transferase.
142
Enzymatically modified naringinA substance composed mainly of a-glucosyinaringin obtained from "naringin".
144
Enzymatically modified rutin (extract)A substance composed mainly of a-glucosylrutin obtained from "rutin (extract)".
141
Enzymatically modified tea extractA substance obtained by adding glucose to a "tea extract" using cyclodextrin glucosyl transferase.
199
Essential oil-removed fennel extractA substance composed mainly of glucosyl sinapiralcohol obtained from fennel seeds.
45
Esterase-
389
Eucalyptus leaf extractA substance composed mainly of b-diketones obtained from eucalyptus leaves.
43
Exomaltotetraohydrolase-
304
Ferritin-
305
Ferulic acid-
300
Ficin-
101
Fish scale foilA substance obtained by extraction from the epithelium of fish.
320
Fractionated lecithinA substance composed mainly of sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline obtained from "vegetable lecithin" or "yolk lecithin".
312
Fructosyl transferase-
306
Fukuronori extractA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from FUKURO-NORI (Gloiopeltis furcata POSTEL et RUPR).
298
FurcellaranA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the whole algae of furcellaria (Furcellaria fastigiata HUD).
75
a-Galactosidase-
76
b-Galactosidase (Lactase)-
352
Gallic acid-
348
Garden balsam extractA substance obtaied from the whole grass of garden balsam.
110
Gardenia blueA substance obtanined by adding b-glucosidase to the mixture of iridoid glycosides obtained from gardenia fruits and protein-decomposed substances.
111
Gardenia redA substance obtained by adding b-glucosidase to the mixture of ester-hydrolysates of iridoid glycosides obtained from gardenia fruits and protein-decomposed substances.
112
Gardenia yellowA substance composed mainly of crocin and crocetin obtained from gardenia fruits.
275
Garlic extractA substance composed mainly of allylsulfides obtained from garlic bulbs.
65
Gastric mucinA substance composed mainly of mucopolysaccharides obtained from mammals' gastric mucosae.
176
Gellan gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas elodea.
136
Gentian root extractA substance composed mainly of amarogentin and gentiopicroside obtained from gentian roots or rhizomes (Gentiana lutea LINNE).
186
Ginger extractA substance composed mainly of shogaol and zingerol obtained from ginger rhizomes.
117
Glucanase-
118
Glucoamylase-
119
Glucosamine-
124
Glucose isomerase-
125
Glucose oxidase-
120
a-Glucosidase-
121
b-Glucosidase-
122
a-Glucosyltransferase -
123
a-Glucosyltransferase-treated steviaA substance composed mainly of a-glucosylsteviosides obtained from a "stevia extract".
126
Glutaminase-
127
L-Glutamine-
103
Gold-
63
Granite porphyry-
310
Grape seed extractA substance composed mainly of proanthocyanidins obtained from the seeds of American grapes or grapes
308
Grape skin colourA substance composed mainly of anthocyanins obtained from the pericarps of American grapes or grapes.
309
Grape skin-derived substanceA substance composed mainly of polyphenols obtained from the pericarps of American grapes or grapes.
128
Grapefruit seed extractA substance composed mainly of fatty acids and flavonoids obtained from grapefruit seeds.
116
Green tuff-
107
Guaiac resin (Guajac resin)A substance composed mainly of guaiaconic acid, guaiaretic acid, and b-resin obtained from the trunks/branches of guaiacum trees.
108
Guajac resin (extract)A substance composed mainly of a- and b-guaiaconic acids obtained from the secretion of guaiacum trees.
105
Guar gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from guar seeds, excluding "Enzymatically hydrolyzed guar gum".
20
Gum ArabicA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of acacia trees.
69
Gum ghattiA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of ghatti trees (Anogeissus latifolia WALL.).
113
Gutta hang kangA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of gutta hang kang trees (Palaquium leiocarpum BOERL.).
114
Gutta perchaA substance composed mainly of polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of gutta percha trees (Palaquiurn gutta BURCK.).
343
Haematococcus algae colourA substance composed mainly of astaxanthin obtained from the whole alga of haematococcus (Haematococcus C.A.AGARCH).
328
Hego-ginkgo leaf extractA substance obtained by extraction from the leaves of HEGO (Cyathea fauriei COPEL) and ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba LINNE).
346
Helium-
345
Heme iron-
344
Hemicellulase-
341
Heptane-
331
Hesperetin-
330
Hesperidin-
329
Hesperidinase-
324
Hexane-
137
Higher fatty acidA substance obtained by hydrolyzing animal or vegetable fats/oils or their hardened fats/oils.
295
Himematsutake extractA substance obtained from the mycelium or fruit body of HIME-MATSUTAKE (Agricus blazei MURR.) or its cultured solution.
291
L- Histidine
349
Hokosshi extractA substance composed mainly of bakuchiol obtained from the seeds of HOKOSSHI (Psoralea corylifolia O.KZE.).
200
Horseradish extractA substance composed mainly of isothiocyanates obtained from horseradish roots.
287
Hyaluronic acid-
192
Hydrogen-
293
L-Hydroxyproline-
36
Inositol-
35
Inulinase-
38
Invertase-
242
Iron-
31
Iso-a-bitter acidA substance composed mainly of isohumulones obtained from hop flowers.
30
Isoamylase-
288
Isodonis extractA substance composed mainly of enmein obtained from the stems or leaves of HIKI-OKOSHI (Isodon japonicus HARA).
32
Isomaltodextranase-
33
Itaconic acid-
185
Jamaica quassia extractA substance composed mainly of quassin and neoquassin obtained from the trunks/branches or bark of Jamaica quassia trees.
381
Japan waxA substance composed mainly of glycerol palmitate obtained from the fruits of Japanese wax trees (Rhus succedanea LINNE).
62
Japanese persimmon colourA substance composed mainly of flavonoids obtained from Japanese persimmon fruits.
44
Japanese stytax benzoin extractA substance composed mainly of benzoic acid obtained from the secretion of ANSOKU-KO-NO-KI trees (Styrax benzoin DRY.).
177
JelutongA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of jelutong trees.
353
Jojoba waxA substance composed mainly of icosenyl icosenate obtained from jojoba fruits.
151
Kaoliang colourA substance composed mainly of apigeninidin and luteolinidin obtained from kaoliang seeds.
59
Kaolin-
82
Karaya gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of KARAYA trees (Sterculia urens ROXB.) or silk cotton trees (Cochlospermum gossypium A.P.DeCandolle).
129
Kooroo colour [Matsudai colour]A substance obtained by extraction from the roots of SOMEMONO-IMO (Dioscorea matsudai HAYATA).
49
Krill colourA substance composed mainly of astaxanthin obtained from krill shells or eyes.
394
Lac colourA substance composed mainly of laccaic acids obtained from the secretion of lac scale insects (Laccifer lacca KERR).
393
Lactoferrin concentratesA substance composed mainly of lactoferrin obtained from mammals' milk.
392
Lactoperoxidase-
395
LanolinA substance composed mainly of esters of higher alcohols and a-hydroxylic acids obtained from waxy substances bearing the surface of sheep wool.
410
Leche de vacaA substance composed mainly of esters of amyrin obtained from the secretion of leche de vaca trees (Brosimum utile (H.B.K.) PITT.).
412
Lemon peel extractA substance composed mainly of geraniol and citral obtained from lemon peels.
414
L-Leucine-
411
LevanA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Bacillus subtilis.
88
Licorice extractA substance composed mainly of glycyrrhizic acid obtained from the roots or rhizomes of Chinese licorice, Xinjiang licorice or licorice.
89
Licorice oli extractA substance composed mainly of flavonoids obtained from the roots or rhizomes of Chinese licorice, Xinjiang licorice or licorice.
15
Linseed gum A substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from linseeds.
405
Linter celluloseA substance composed mainly of cellulose obtained from cotton single pilus.
401
Lipase-
402
Lipoxygenase-
404
Liquid paraffin-
415
Logwood colourA substance composed mainly of haematoxylin obtained from the heart wood of logwood.
399
L-Lysine-
400
Lysozyme-
357
Macrophomopsis gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of microorganism belonging to Macrophomopsis.
362
Maltose phosphorylase-
363
Maltotriohydrolase-
409
Mannentake extractA substance obtained by extraction from the mycelium or fruit body of MANNENTAKE (Ganoderma lucidum KARST.) or its cultured solution.
361
Marigold colourA substance composed mainly of xanthophylls obtained from marigold flowers.
360
Massaranduba balataA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of massaranduba balata trees.
359
Massaranduba chocolateA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of massaranduba chocolate trees.
358
Mastic gumA substance composed mainly of masticadienonic acid obtained from the secretion of mastic trees.
375
Melaleuca oilA substance composed mainly of essential oil obtained from melaleuca leaves.
373
Menaquinone (extract) A substance composed mainly of menaquinone-4 obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Arthrobacter.
372
MethylthioadenosineA substance composed mainly of 5'-dehydroxy-5'-methylthioadenosine obtained from yeasts belonging to Saccharomyces.
374
Mevalonic acid-
356
Microcrystallin wax-
289
Microcrystalline celluloseA substance composed mainly of crystalline cellulose obtained from pulp.
290
Microfibrillated celluloseA substance composed mainly of cellulose obtained by microfibrillating pulp or cotton.
191
Milt proteinA substance composed mainly of basic proteins obtained from fish testes.
365
Mixed tocopherolsA substance composed mainly of d-a-, d-b-, d-g- and d-d-tocopherols obtained from vegetable oils.
334
Monascus colourA substance composed mainly of ankaflavin and monascolubrin obtained from the cultured solution of mould belonging to Monascus.
333
Monascus yellowA substance composed mainly of xanthomonacins obtained from the cultured solution of mould belonging to Monascus.
386
Montan waxA substance composed mainly of esters of fatty acids and tetracosyl- triacontanyl alcohol or hexacosyltriacontanyl alcohol obtained from brown coal or lignite.
385
Morin-
377
Mousouchiku charcoal extractA substance obtained by extraction from the carbonized stems of MOUSOU-CHIKU bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla MITF.).
376
Mousouchiku dry distillateA substance obtained by dry distillation from the stems of MOUSOU-CHIKU bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla MITF.).
378
Mousouchiku extractA substance composed mainly of 2,6-dimethoxy-l,4-bezoquinone obtained from the stem skins of MOUSOU-CHIKU bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla MITF).
133
Mulberry bark extractA substance composed mainly of stilbene derivatives and flavonoids obtained from the rhizome skins of mulberry.
371
Muramidase-
77
Mustard extractA substance composed mainly of allyl isothiocyanate obtained from Indian mustard seeds.
367
MyrrhA substance obtained by extraction from the secretion of myrrh trees.
267
Naringin-
266
Naringinase-
272
Nickel-
269
Niger guttaA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of niger gutta trees (Ficus platyphylla DELILE.).
229
Nitrogen-
364
Non-calcinated calciumA substance composed mainly of calcium salts obtained by drying shells, pearl layers, coral, bones or eggshells.
271
Nystose-
273
OlibanumA substance composed mainly of a- and b-boswellic acids obtained from the secretion of olibanum trees.
52
Oligo-N-acetylglucosamine-
53
Oligogalacturonic acid-
54
Oligoglucosamine-
218
Onion colourA substance composed mainly of quercetin obtained from onion bulbs.
57
Orange colourA substance composed mainly of carotene and xanthophylls obtained from the fruits or peels of AMA-DAIDAI (Citrus sinensis OSBECK).
56
Oregano extractA substance composed mainly of carvacrol and thymol obtained from oregano leaves.
55
g-OryzanolA substance composed mainly of both esters consisting of each combination of sterols and ferulic acid, and triterpene alcohols and ferulic acid obtained from rice bran or germ oil.
170
Oxygen-
50
Ozokerite-
51
Ozone-
281
Paffia extractA substance composed mainly of ecdysteroids and saponins obtained from the roots of paffia (Paffia iresinoides SPRENGEL).
284
Palladium-
282
Palm oil caroteneA substance composed mainly of carotene obtained from oil palm fruits.
286
Pancreatin-
280
Papain-
246
Paprika colourA substance composed mainly of capsanthins obtained from capsicum fruits.
285
Paraffin wax-
384
Peach gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of peach trees.
323
Pecan nut colourA substance composed mainly of flavonoids obtained from the pericarps or astringent skins of pecan nuts.
326
Pectin-
327
Pectin digestsA substance composed mainly of galacturonic acid obtained from "pectin".
325
Pectinase-
339
Pepper extractA substacne composed mainly of feruperines obtained from pepper fruits.
340
Pepsin-
342
Peptidase-
182
Perilla extractA substance composed mainly of terpenoids obtained from perilla seeds or leaves.
283
Perlite-
278
Peroxidase-
264
Petroleum naphtha-
299
Phaffia colourA substance composed mainly of astaxanthins obtained from the cultured solution of yeast belonging to Phaffia.
100
Phellodendron bark extract A substance composed mainly of berberine obtained from the bark of phellodendron trees (Phellodendron amurense RUPR.).
350
Phosphodiesterase-
351
Phospholipase-
301
Phytase-
302
Phytic acidA substance composed mainly of inositol hexaphosphate obtained from rice bran or corn seeds.
303
Phytin (extract)A substance ccomposed mainly of magnesium inositol hexaphosphate obtained from rice bran or corn seeds.
296
Pimento extractA substance composed mainly of eugenol and thymol obtained from pimento fruits.
279
Platinum-
355
e-Polylysine-
354
Polyphenol oxidase-
335
Powdered annattoA substance composed mainly of norbixin and bixin obtained from annatto seeds.
223
Powdered bileA substance composed mainly of cholic acid and desoxycholic acid obtained from bile.
321
Powdered celluloseA substance composed mainly of cellulose obtained by decomposing pulp, excluding "Microcrystalline cellulose".
322
Powdered rice hullsA substance composed mainly of cellulose obtained from rice hulls.
195
Powdered steviaA substance composed mainly of steviol glycosides obtained by grinding stevia leaves.
319
L-Proline-
316
Propane-
317
Propoils extractA substance composed mainly of flavonoids obtained from honeycomb.
315
Protease-
164
Psyllium seed gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the seed coats of blond psyllium.
314
Pullulan-
313
Pullulanase-
369
Purple corn colourA substance composed mainly of cyanidine-3-glucoside obtained from corn seeds.
368
Purple sweet potato colourA substance composed mainly of cyanidine acylglucosides and peonidin acylglucosides obtained from the tuberous roots of sweet potatos.
370
Purple yam colourA substance composed mainly of cyanidine acylglucosides obtained from yam tuberous roots.
268
Quassia extractA substance composed mainly of quassin obtained from the trunks/branches or bark of NIGAKI trees (Picrasma quassioides BENN.).
109
Quercetin-
198
Quicklime-
102
Quillaia extract (Quillaja extract)A substance composed mainly of saponins obtained from the bark of quillaia trees.
391
Rakanka extractA substance composed mainly of mogulosides obtained from rakanka fruits (Momordica grosvenori SWINGLE).
99
Redbark cinchona extractA substance composed mainly of quinidine, quinine and cinchonine obtained from the bark of redbark cinchona trees.
413
Rennet-
160
Resin of depolymerized natural rubberA substance composed mainly of diterpenes, triterpenes and tetraterpenes obtained from "rubber".
397
L-Rhamnose-
396
Rhamsan gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Alcaligenes.
403
D-Ribose-
161
Rice bran oil extractA substance composed mainly of ferulic acid obtained from rice bran oil.
163
Rice bran waxA substance composed mainly of myricyl lignocerate obtained from rice bran oil.
34
Rice straw ash extractA substance obtained from the ashes of rice stems or leaves.
276
Roasted rice bran extractA substance composed mainly of maltol obtained from roasted rice bran.
277
Roasted soybean extractA substance composed mainly of maltol obtained from roasted soybean seeds.
418
Rosemary extractA substance composed mainly of carnosic acid, carnosol and rosemanol obtained from rosemary leaves or flowers.
416
RosidinhaA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of rosidinha trees (Sideroxylon).
417
RosinA substance composed mainly of abietic acid obtained from the secretion of pine trees.
159
RubberA substance composed mainly of polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of Pararubber trees, excluding "Depolymerized natural rubber".
87
Rumput roman extractA substance composed mainly of capillin obtained from the whole grass of rumput roman.
408
Ruthenium-
407
Rutin (extract)A substance composed mainly of rutin obtained from the whole grass of AZUKI (Azukia angularis OHWl), the buds or flowers of Japanese pagoda trees or the whole buckwheat grass.
204
Sage extractA substance composed mainly of carnosic acid and phenolic diterpenes obtained from salvia leaves.
183
Sandalwood redA substance composed mainly of santalin obtained from the trunks/branches of red sandalwood trees.
171
Sandarac resinA substance composed mainly of sandaracopimaric acid obtained from the secretion of sandarac trees.
193
Sclero gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the culture solution of microorganism belonging to Sclerotium glucanicum.
58
Seaweed ash extractA substance composed mainly of potassium iodide obtained from the ashes of brown algae.
206
Sepiolite-
207
L-Serine-
157
Sesame seed oil unsaponified matterA substance composed mainly of sesamolin obtained from sesame seeds.
158
Sesami straw ash extarctA substance obtained by extraction from the ashes of sesami stems or leaves.
203
Sesamolin-
205
Sesbania gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from sesbania seeds.
172
Shea nut colourA substance obtained from the fruits or seed coats of shea.
174
ShellacA substance composed mainly of esters of aleuritic acid and shellolic acid or jalaric acid, obtained from the secretion of scale insects.
175
Shellac waxA substance composed mainly of wax obtained from the secretion of scale insects.
180
Shikon colourA substance composed mainly of shikonin obtained from the roots of MURASAKI (Lithospermum erythrorhizon SIEBOLD et ZUCCARINI).
104
Silver-
134
Smoke flavouringsA substance obtained by capturing the gas generated by burning sugar canes, bamboo, corn stalks or wood, or a substance obtained by dry distillation from such materials.
48
Sodium chloride-decreased brine (saline lake)A substance composed mainly of salts of alkaline metals or alkaline earth metals obtained by separating sodium chloride from saline lake water.
214
L-Sorbose-
212
SorvaA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of sorva trees.
213
SorvinhaA substance composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of sorvinha trees (Couma utilis MUELL.).
215
Soybean saponinA substance composed mainly of saponins obtained from soybeans.
197
SphingolipidA substance composed mainly of sphingosine derivatives obtained from bovine brains or rice bran.
138
Spice extractsSubstances obtained by extraction or steam-distillation from hemp seeds, asafetida, ajowan, anise, angelica, fennel, turmeric, allspice, oregano, orange peel, Chinese pepper, cassia, chamomil, mustard, cardamon, curry leaves, licorice, caraway, gardenia, cumin,cress, clove, poppy seeds, caper, pepper, sesameseeds, coriander, sassafras, saffron, savory, salvia, Japanese pepper, perilla, cinnamon, shallot, juniperberry, ginger, star anise, spearmint, horseradish,celery, sorrel, thyme, onion, tamarind, tarragon, chive, chervil, dill, capsicum, nutmeg, wormwood, nigella, carrot, garlic, basil, parsley, mint, vanilla, paprika, hyssop, fenugreek, peppermint, horsemint, marjoram, MYOGA (Zingiber Mioga ROSC.), lavender, linden, lemongrass, lemonbalm, rose, rosemary, laurel or WASABI (Japanese horseradish), excluding "Turmeric oleoresin", "Oregano extract", "Orange colour", "Mustard extract", "Licorice extract", "Licorice oil extract", "Gardenia yellow", "Clove extract", "Sesame seed oil unsaponified matter", "Perilia extract", "Ginger extract", "Essential oil-removed fennel extract", "Horseradish extract", "Sage extract", "Onion colour", "Tamarind colour", "Tamarind seed gum", "Tannin (extract)", "Paprika colour", "Capsicum water-soluble extract", "Absinth extract", "Carrot carotene", "Garlic extract", "Pepper extract", "Rosemary extract" and "Wasabi extract".
196
Spirulina colourA substance composed mainly of phycocyanin obtained from the whole alga of spirulina.
194
Stevia extractA substance composed mainly of steviol glycosides obtained by extraction from stevia leaves.
294
Sunflower seed extractA substance composed mainly of isochlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid obtained from sunflower seeds.
37
Sweet potato caroteneA substance composed mainly of carotene obtained from the tuberous roots of sweet potatos.
222
Talc-
219
Tamarind colourA substance composed mainly of fiavonoids obtained from tamarind seeds.
220
Tamarind seed gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained tamarind seeds.
225
Tannase-
226
Tannin (extract)A substance composed mainly of tannin and tannic acid obtained from Japanese persimmon fruits, chestnut astringent skins, Japanese gall, tamarind seed coats, angelica powder, nutgall or silver wattle bark.
221
Tara gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the seeds of tara trees (Caesalpinia spinosa (MOL.)(O.KUNTZE)).
217
Taurine (extract)A substance composed mainly of taurine obtained from the viscera or meat of fish or mammals.
230
Tea dry distillateA substance obtained by dry distillation from tea leaves.
232
Tea extractA substance composed mainly of catechins obtained from tea leaves.
231
Tea seed saponinA substance composed mainly of saponins obtained from tea seeds.
216
ThaumatinA substance composed mainly of thaumatin obtained from the seeds of Thaumatococcus daniellii.
239
Theobromine-
236
Thujaplicin (extract) A substance composed mainly of thujaplicins obtained from the trunks/branches or roots of HIBA trees (Thujopsis dolabrate SIEB. et ZUCC.).
382
Timber ashA substance obtained by ashing bamboo or wood.
383
Timber ash extractA substance obtained by extraction from "timber ashes".
251
d-a-Tocopherol-
252
d-g-Tocopherol-
253
d-d-Tocopherol-
250
Tocotrienol-
254
Tomato colourA substance composed mainly of lycopene obtained from tomato fruits.
262
TororoaoiA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the roots of TORORO-AOI (Abelmoschus manihot MED.).
244
Tourmaline-
255
Tragacanth gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the secretion of tragacanth trees.
256
Transglucosidase-
257
Transglutaminase-
260
Trehalose-
261
Trehalose phosphorylase-
258
Triacylglycerol lipase-
259
Trypsin-
235
TunuA substance composed mainly of amyrine acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of tunu trees (Castilla fallax COOK).
40
Turmeric oleoresin [Curcumin]A substance composed mainly of curcumin obtained from turmeric rhizomes.
234
L-Tyrosine-
42
Urease-
41
Urushi waxA substance composed mainly of glycerol palmitate obtained from the fruits of Japanese lacquer trees (Rhus verniciflua STOKES).
189
Vegetable carbon blackA substace composed mainly of carbon obtained by carbonizing plants.
190
Vegetable lecithinA substance composed mainly of lecithin obtained from rape seeds or soybeans.
388
Vegetable oil soot colourA substance composed mainly of carbon obtained by burning vegetable oils.
188
Vegetable sterolA substance composed mainly of phytosterols obtained from oil seeds.
338
Venezuelan chicleA substacne composed mainly of amyrin acetate and polyisoprenes obtained from the secretion of Venezuelan chicle trees.
297
Vermiculite-
419
Wasabi extractA substance composed mainly of isothiocyanate obtained from the rhizomes or leaves of WASABI (Wasabia japonica MATSUM.)
39
Welan gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Alcaligenes.
379
Wood chipA substance obtained by grinding the trunk/branches of Siberian filbert or BUNA (Fagus crenata BLUME).
91
Xanthan gumA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Xanthomonas.
92
Xylanase-
93
D-Xylose-
150
Yeast cell walA substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the cell walls of yeast belonging to Saccharomyces.
398
Yolk lecithinA substance composed mainly of lecithin obtained from egg yolk.
390
Yucca foam extractA substance composed mainly of saponins obtained from the whole grass of yucca joshua (Yucca arborescenss TREL.) or yucca schidigera (Yucca schidigera ROEZL ex ORLGIES).
201
ZeinA substance composed mainly of vegetable proteins obtained from corn seeds.
202
Zeolite-
Note: The additives listed in No.1 to No.451 do not include substances obtained by causing chemical reactions, excluding decomposition to elements or compounds using chemical means.